diff --git a/main.sh b/main.sh
index 3160a4e..2171ed5 100644
--- a/main.sh
+++ b/main.sh
@@ -79,14 +79,19 @@ echo "## workflow helpers, small tools, and utilities" | tee todo.md -a
 
 # pbcopy/pbpaste (from macOS)
 sudo apt-get install -y xclip
-printf '#!/bin/bash \nxclip -selection clipboard' | sudo -u $INSTALL_USER tee /usr/local/bin/pbcopy
+
+printf '#!/bin/bash \nxclip -selection clipboard' | sudo tee /usr/local/bin/pbcopy
+sudo chown 1000:1000 /usr/local/bin/pbcopy
 chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/pbcopy
-printf '#!/bin/bash \nxclip -selection clipboard -o' | sudo -u $INSTALL_USER tee /usr/local/bin/pbpaste
+
+printf '#!/bin/bash \nxclip -selection clipboard -o' | sudo tee /usr/local/bin/pbpaste
+sudo chown 1000:1000 /usr/local/bin/pbpaste
 chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/pbpaste
 
 # WordNet & def utility
 sudo apt-get install -y wordnet
-printf '#!/bin/bash \nwn $1 -over' | sudo -u $INSTALL_USER tee /usr/local/bin/def
+printf '#!/bin/bash \nwn $1 -over' | sudo tee /usr/local/bin/def
+sudo chown 1000:1000 /usr/local/bin/def
 chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/def
 
 # Artha (WordNet dictionary)
@@ -97,12 +102,15 @@ sudo apt-get install -y qpdf
 
 # rndrmarkdown markdown renderer
 sudo apt-get install -y pandoc
-sudo -u $INSTALL_USER cp ./utils/rndrmarkdown /usr/local/bin/rndrmarkdown
-sudo -u $INSTALL_USER chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/rndrmarkdown
+sudo cp ./utils/rndrmarkdown /usr/local/bin/rndrmarkdown
+sudo chown 1000:1000 /usr/local/bin/rndrmarkdown
+sudo chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/rndrmarkdown
+echo "* add rmd to zshrc; what is bashrc doing?" | tee todo.md -a
 echo 'alias rmd="rndrmarkdown"' | tee ~/.bashrc -a
 
 # readline (for piping 1 line into wc)
-printf '#!/bin/bash \necho "$(head -n $1 $2 | tail -n 1)"' | sudo -u $INSTALL_USER tee /usr/local/bin/rline
+printf '#!/bin/bash \necho "$(head -n $1 $2 | tail -n 1)"' | sudo tee /usr/local/bin/rline
+sudo chown 1000:1000 /usr/local/bin/rline
 chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/rline
 echo "* verify rline formatted correctly"